Imiba ePhambili kunye noHlalutyo oluSebenzayo loKhetho lweMathiriyeli ye-Inflatable Fabric
Njengommandla ophambili wesicelo sesayensi yezinto zanamhlanje, amalaphu anokuvutheka achaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nobomi. Amalaphu ane-inflatable asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zangaphandle, izixhobo zokuncedisa unyango, kunye neemveliso zokuzonwabisa kunye nokuzonwabisa ngenxa yobunzima bazo, ukuphatheka, kunye nokusebenza. Eli nqaku liphonononga ngokucwangcisiweyo izicwangciso zokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kwiilaphu ezivuthayo ezivela kwiimbono ezintathu: iipropati eziphathekayo, iimfuno zokusebenza, kunye nokuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo.
Ukusuka kwimbono yesiseko semathiriyeli, amalaphu ale mihla avuthekileyo asebenzisa iipolymers njengemathiriyeli ekrwada engundoqo. I-Polyurethane (PU){1}}amalaphu agqunyiweyo, ngenxa yokugqwesa imodulus elastiki kunye nokumelana nokuqhawuka, abe yeyona nto ithandwayo phakathi{2}} ukuya kwimveliso ephezulu{3}}. Esi sixhobo sigcina umoya obalaseleyo ngelixa simelana noxinzelelo lomatshini lokuphindaphinda ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye nokuhla kwamandla emali. Xa kuthelekiswa, ifilimu ye-polyethylene (PE), ngelixa ingabizi kakhulu, inengxaki ye-ductility ebuthathaka kunye nokungonelanga kokuchaneka kokugqobhoza, iyenza ilunge kakhulu kwizicelo ezifuna ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide{6}. Okuqaphelekayo, ukuvela kwemathiriyeli entsha ye-thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) iphucule kakhulu ukumelana nemozulu kunye nokusebenza kokusingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli, kunye nomjikelo wokuthotywa malunga ne-40% mfutshane kunoko wezinto eziqhelekileyo zePU.
Umsebenzi -ukhetho lwemathiriyeli ejolise kufuneka lubeke phambili iimfuno ezithile zemeko yokusetyenziswa ekujoliswe kuyo. Kwintsimi yokuhlangula yangaphandle, izixhobo ezifana ne-inflatable stretchers zifuna amalaphu anamandla kunye nokuphefumula. Isakhiwo esidibeneyo - sisisombululo esisebenzayo: isiseko se-nylon ye-210D yelaphu ye-nylon yangaphandle iphakamisa ukuxhathisa ukukrazula, ngelixa ifilimu ye-PU ye-microporous isetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elingaphakathi ukuququzelela ukutshintshiselana kwegesi. Kwizixhobo zemidlalo zamanzi, ezifana neebhatyi zobomi ezivuthekayo, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli kufuneka lubeke phambili ulungelelwano phakathi kobuoyancy kunye nolusu{6}}lokuziva ngobuhlobo. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-EVA yeseli evaliweyo{8}ugwebu noxinaniso lwe-0.91 g/cm³ ilayitiwe ngelaphu elicadiweyo le-PVC. Oku kuqinisekisa umthamo we-buoyant we-0.024 m³ ngelixa uphucula ubuntofontofo ngokwakheka komphezulu. Oomatrasi bomoya zonyango babeka iimfuno eziphezulu ngakumbi kwizinto eziphathekayo. Amalaphu agqunyiweyo{15}ezonyango{15}odidi{16}}agqunywe, ngenxa yokungahoyi- kwawo kunye neempawu ezibulala iintsholongwane, sele esemgangathweni ezibhedlele.
Ukuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo yeyona parameter yobugcisa ekukhetheni imathiriyeli. Iingubo zelanga ezine-Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) ye 50+ zinokucothisa inkqubo yokuguga kwindawo ephezulu{2}}kwindawo yokukhanya kwelanga. Ukusetyenziswa kwepolar esezantsi{4}}yobushushu obuphantsi, irabha elungisiweyo yerabha efakwe kwi boron carbide nanoparticles inokwehlisa ubushushu bayo bube ngaphantsi - 40℃, iqinisekisa ukuba bhetyebhetye kwiimeko ezibanda kakhulu. Kwiindawo zaselwandle, amalaphu adibeneyo anyangwa ngokhuseleko oluphindwe kathathu (anti{8}}ukungunda,-okutshiza ityuwa, kunye{13}}ne-algae) anokufikelela kwii-engile zokudibana komphezulu ngaphezulu kwe-115 degree, ukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo isantya sokukhukuliseka kwamanzi olwandle. Idatha yebhubhoratri ibonisa ukuba emva kweeyure ze-500 zokucwiliswa kwamanzi, izinga lokuvuza kwegesi yeendwangu eziphathwe nge-nano-hydrophobic zihlala ngaphakathi kwe-3% yexabiso lokuqala.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kuqhuba impumelelo eqhubekayo kwitekhnoloji yelaphu elinomoya. Uphando kunye nophuhliso lwe-bio{1}esekelwe kwi-polyurethanes lufumene impumelelo yokuqala. Isizukulwana esitsha semathiriyeli eyenziwe ngeoyile yezityalo ine-62% esezantsi yekhabhoni yonyawo ngelixa igcina iipropathi ezinomatshini ezinokuthelekiswa ne-polyurethane yendabuko. Ukusetyenziswa kweepholima zenkumbulo yemilo kunikezela{5}}iimpawu zokuziphilisa emalaphini. Ekubhaqweni komonakalo omncinci -ongaphantsi kwe-0.5 mm, amalaphu anokulungiswa ngokudibanisa amakhonkco eemolekyuli ngokufudumeza kwendawo. Uphuhliso loxinzelelo olukrelekrele{10}}amalaphu alawulayo abandakanya imilo yothungelwano lwefayibha yealloyi elungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuvuleka kunye nokuvalwa kweevents ngokusekelwe kuxinzelelo lwe-ambient. Le teknoloji ingene kwisigaba sokuvavanya intsimi kwishishini le-aerospace.
Izigqibo zobuNzululwazi{0}}ukwenza ekukhetheni imathiriyeli kufuna inkqubo yovavanyo ecwangcisiweyo. Uvavanyo olubanzi luyacetyiswa kuwo onke amanqanaba amathathu: uvavanyo lwepropathi esisiseko (kubandakanywa amandla okuqina Amakhulu okanye alingana ne-200N / 5cm kunye nokukrazula amandla amakhulu kunokuba okanye alingana ne-50N), ukuqinisekiswa okusebenzayo (uvavanyo lokungabikho komoya: ukugcina uxinzelelo oluKhulu okanye olulingana neeyure ezingama-24 ngaphandle koxinzelelo lwexinzelelo), kunye nokukhawuleziswa kovavanyo lokuguga ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-72 zendalo ekwi-equipment yeminyaka eyi-72. ukwaluphala). Ukuthenga isambuku, iisampulu{8}}encinci yovavanyo lokuziqhelanisa nokusingqongileyo kufuneka iqhutywe, kuquka nokuhamba ngebhayisikile ubushushu ukusuka -30℃ukuya 70℃kunye novavanyo lokuqina kwi 85% yokufuma.
Okwangoku, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli yelaphu elivuthekileyo lutshintshile ukusuka kwindlela enye-yokusebenza ukuya kwindlela{1}}enomlinganiselo wokusebenza omninzi. Ngokuhambela phambili kwinzululwazi yemathiriyeli, uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo luza kujolisa kulungelelwaniso olulungelelanisiweyo lobunzima obukhaphukhaphu kunye namandla aphezulu, usetyenziso olukhulu{3}} lwezixhobo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo, kunye noyilo oluhlanganisiweyo lwemisebenzi yokuphendula ngobukrelekrele. Xa ukhetha amalaphu anokuvutheka, abasebenzisi abaziingcali kufuneka baphuhlise imodeli-yesigqibo esinemilinganiselo emithathu{6}}yokwenza imodeli edibanisa izinto eziphathekayo, indleko{7}}ukusebenza, kunye nemeko yokusingqongileyo esekelwe kwizinto eziphambili zokusebenza kwemeko yesicelo esithile, ngaloo ndlela bafezekise eyona midlalo ilungileyo phakathi kokusebenza kwemveliso kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo.