Uhlalutyo lweMathiriyeli ePhambili yePVC Flexible Banners
Iibhena eziguquguqukayo zePVC, izinto ezibonisa imiqondiso esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintengiso, imiboniso yemisitho, kunye nokuhombisa, zineengenelo eziphambili zokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, ukuqina, kunye nesibheno esibonakalayo. Isitshixo ekufezekiseni ezi mpawu silele kwizinto zabo ezisebenzayo ezidibeneyo, eziqulunqwe ngokukodwa nge-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin kwaye zenziwe nge-composite processing technique. Ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo iimpawu eziphambili eziphathekayo zePVC iibhena eziguquguqukayo ezivela kwiimbono ezintathu: ukwakheka kwezinto, iipropati ezisebenzayo, kunye nezalathiso zobugcisa.
1. Izinto ezingundoqo: I-Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Resin
Isakhiwo esiphambili sePVC iibhena eziguquguqukayo zenziwe nge-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. I-PVC yipolymer ye-thermoplastic eveliswa yi-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). Itsheyini yayo yemolekyuli iqulethe i-carbon ezinzileyo{2}}ibhondi zeklorini, enika ukuxhathisa kwayo ngokwendalo kweekhemikhali kunye nokomelela komatshini. Kwi-banner applications, i-PVC resin, njengesiseko semathiriyeli, ibonelela ngenkxaso yomzimba efunekayo{4}}ukuqinisekisa ukuthambeka kwebhena xa ityhilwa. Ububhetyebhetye betsheyini yemolekyuli ephakathi ikwayivumela ukuba iqhelane neegophe ezithile (umzekelo, iikholamu ezisilinda okanye iziboniso ezigobileyo).
Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngelixa i-PVC eqhelekileyo yomelele, ibuye ibe brittle kwaye ayinakuhlangabezana ngokuthe ngqo neemfuno zokugoba iibhena. Ngoko ke, inkqubo "yokuguqulwa kweplastiki" isetyenziswa rhoqo kwimveliso. Oku kubandakanya ukongeza isixa esifanelekileyo seeplastiki (ezifana neephthalates kunye ne-epoxidized soya oil) kwintlaka yePVC. Oku kuphazamisa ezinye imikhosi ye-van der Waals phakathi kwamatyathanga emolekyuli kwaye yehlisa iqondo lobushushu leglasi yepolymer (Tg), iguqula imathiriyeli ukusuka eqinile ukuya ebhetyebhetye. Le PVC elungisiweyo igcina ukuxhathisa umhlwa kunye neepropathi ezilula zokusetyenzwa kwe-resin yasekuqaleni ngelixa ikwafezekisa iipropathi ezisebenzayo ezinje ngokugoba kunye nokusongeka.
II. Izixhobo eziSetyenziswayo eziNcedisayo: Amacandelo ahlanganisiweyo aPhuhlisa ukuSebenza ngokuPheleleyo
Ukwandisa ngakumbi amava asebenzayo eebhana, imathiriyeli yesiseko sePVC ihlala idityaniswe neentlobo ngeentlobo zezongezo ezisebenzayo okanye imathiriyeli yomphezulu, zenza ulwakhiwo oludibeneyo - olumaleko oludibeneyo.
Izinzisi: Qinisekisa uKuxhathisa iMozulu yeXesha elide-
Ngenxa yokuba iibhena zihlala zisesichengeni seemeko zangaphandle ixesha elide (ezifana nentengiso yasesitalatweni kunye nemiqondiso yomboniso), imitha ye-UV, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kunokubangela ngokulula ukuthotywa kwamatyathanga eemolekyuli ePVC (umz., i-dehydrochlorination), ekhokelela ekubeni tyheli, ukuba brittleness, kunye nokuqhekeka. Ngoko ke, i-heat stabilizers kunye ne-stabilizers yokukhanya ibalulekile ekuqulunqweni. Izilungisi zobushushu, ikakhulu icalcium{4}}zinc complex stabilizers (esingqongileyo) okanye lead salt stabilizers (traditional), zibambe iHCl eveliswe ngexesha lokusabela kwaye inhibit chain degradation. Izizinzisi zokukhanya, kubandakanya i-UV-absorbers (ezinje nge-UV-531) kunye nezithinteli zokuzinzisa ukukhanya kwe-amine (HALS), zandisa ubomi bezinto zangaphandle (ngokuqhelekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3-5 yeminyaka) ngokubonakalisa okanye ukufunxa ukukhanya kwe-UV okanye ukuphelisa ukusabela kwetsheyini yeradical yasimahla.
Unyango loMphezulu: Ukulinganisa ukuprintwa kunye neePropati zoKhuselo
Imiphezulu yesibhengezo isoloko ifuna umbhalo oshicilelweyo okanye imizobo, efuna ukuncamatheliswa kwe-inki okugqwesileyo kunye nokugcwala kombala. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-substrate ye-PVC ifumana unyango lwe-corona (ukwandisa amandla angaphezulu ngokuphuma okuphezulu{1}}i-voltage discharge) okanye igqunywe ngamanzi -i-inki esekwe{3}}umaleko ohambelanayo (ofana ne-acrylate copolymer coating) ukuqinisekisa ukunamathela kwe-inki eyomeleleyo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubuna. Ukongeza, ezinye iibhena eziphezulu{5}}zibonisa ifilimu ekhuselayo yePVC (emalunga ne-0.05-0.1mm ubukhulu) kumphezulu. Le filimu ayinikezeli nje ukuchasana nokukrala (ukuthintela ukuguga kunye nokukrazula kwidizayini ebangelwa ukungqubuzana kwansuku zonke) kodwa iphinda ikhulise ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kunye nothuli, okwenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiindawo ezinzima.
IiFillers eziQinisayo: Ukuphucula ukuqina kokugoba
Ukuthintela ukuphuka kokukhathala okubangelwa ukuguquguquka rhoqo, ezinye iifom ze-PVC zebhanari zibandakanya iifayili eziguquguqukayo (ezifana ne-polytetrafluoroethylene micropowder kunye ne-particle nitrile rubber particles) okanye i-fibers yokuqinisa (njenge-polyester staple fibers). Ezi zihluzi, ezisasazwe ngaphakathi kwe-matrix ye-PVC, zenza "i-micro{1}}isakhiwo se-buffer" esisasaza umthwalo kwiindawo zoxinzelelo olugobileyo olugxininisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela sandisa ubomi bezinto emva kokuguquguquka okuphindaphindiweyo. (Idatha yovavanyo ibonisa ukuba iibhena zePVC ezilungiselelweyo zinokumelana ne-5, {4} i-cm egoba irediyasi ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.)
III. Izalathiso zokuPhucula iMathiriyeli: UPhuhliso oluLungeleleneyo loKhuselo lweNdawo kunye nokuSebenza
Ngokukhula kwemfuno yentengiso yemathiriyeli ezinzileyo, iibhena zale mihla zePVC eziguquguqukayo ziya zisanda kuphuhliswa zibhekisa kwityhefu esezantsi, ubunzima obulula, kunye nokusebenza okudityanisiweyo ngakumbi. Umzekelo, iiphthalates, iplasticizer yesintu, zitshintshwa ziplastikhi ezivumelana nokusingqongileyo ezifana ne-citrate kunye ne-epoxy fatty acid methyl esters ngenxa yeengozi ezinokubakhona zempilo. Kwicandelo lokuzinzisa, i-calcium{2}}iinkqubo ze-zinc composite zikhuthazwa kakhulu, ngelixa iifomyula eziqulethe iintsimbi ezinzima ezifana nelothe kunye ne-cadmium zikhutshwa. Abanye abavelisi bakwasebenzisa i-nanotechnology (efana nokongeza i-nano{4}}i-titanium dioxide ii-antimicrobial coatings) ukunika iibhana iimpawu ezongezelelekileyo ezifana ne-self{5}}zokucoca kunye neempawu zokulwa ne-antibacterial, ukwandisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwazo.
Isishwankathelo, izinto eziphambili zeebhena eziguquguqukayo ze-PVC zisekelwe kwi-polyvinyl chloride resin eguquguqukayo, eyenziwa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusebenzisa iiplastiki. Oku kongezwa ngama-stabilizers, iileyile zonyango lwangaphezulu, kunye nezizalisi ezisebenzayo, ukudala inkqubo yezinto eziphathekayo ezidibanisa ukuguquguquka, ukuchasana kwemozulu, ukuprintwa, kunye neempawu zokukhusela. Ezi mpawu ziyenza ibe lukhetho oluphambili lweempawu zentengiso, ukulinganisa ukusebenza kunye neendleko{2}}ezisebenzayo.